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Recovery of past CAM overcharges depends on your specific lease terms, including any audit rights deadlines or ‘binding and conclusive’ provisions, and on applicable state law.

State statute of limitations periods apply to written contracts and range from 3 to 10 years. Your actual lookback window may be shorter based on your lease.

CAMAudit is a document analysis platform, not a law firm, and nothing on this site constitutes legal advice. Consult a licensed real estate attorney before initiating any dispute or legal proceeding.

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  1. Home
  2. /Glossary
  3. /Water & Sewer

Water & Sewer

Last updated: April 2026

The cost of water supply and sewage disposal for common areas of a commercial building, including irrigation for landscaping, restroom facilities in shared spaces, cooling tower makeup water, and fire suppression system testing. Water and sewer charges are a standard CAM line item.

Technical Definition

Water and sewer expenses for CAM purposes include municipal water supply charges, sewer usage fees, stormwater fees, irrigation system water for landscaping, cooling tower water consumption, and water used in fire suppression testing. If the building has a single master meter, the landlord allocates water costs across tenants. If tenants have individual sub-meters, only the common area consumption should appear in CAM.

How This Gets Abused

A building had one master water meter and no sub-meters. A car wash tenant consumed 60% of total water but had no separate metering. The landlord passed the entire water bill through CAM on a pro-rata square footage basis, forcing office tenants to subsidize the car wash tenant's water usage.

Tenant Protection Tip

Ask whether your building uses sub-meters for high-water-use tenants. If not, review the total water bill against reasonable common area consumption. If a single tenant (restaurant, gym, car wash) consumes a disproportionate share, they should be separately metered or charged a higher allocation.

Related Terms

Common Area UtilitiesOperating ExpensesPro-Rata Share
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Related Resources

Detection RuleUtility Overcharge DetectionToolFree CAM Scan

Need to extract lease terms before your audit?

A CAM audit is only as accurate as your lease data. lextract.io extracts 126 structured fields from any commercial lease PDF: CAM definitions, pro-rata share, caps, base year, and audit rights. So you have the exact terms your landlord is supposed to follow.

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This page provides general educational information. It is not legal advice and may not reflect the most current law in your state. Consult a licensed attorney for advice specific to your situation.

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